Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), also known as presbycusis, affects 1 in 5 people over age 50 and is irreversible. Mitochondrial dysfunction could cause the neuron loss associated with ARHL.

When nerve cells in the brain called nociceptin neurons are activated, mice saw an increase in high-fat food consumption. When the neurons were removed, they no longer over-consumed high-fat foods.

Signs of autoimmunity are seen in Parkinson's disease years before diagnosis. A buildup of damaged alpha-synuclein proteins causes T cells to mistakenly attack brain cells and causes symptoms.

Research predicts menopause will be delayed or disappear entirely as women continue to have children later in life. Older women who weren't reproducing accumulated infertility mutations.