The cell receptor AHR plays a role in metabolism. Blocking AHR in mice prevented and reversed obesity, even when mice were eating a high-fat diet. No ill effects were found.

The difference in pressure between the eye and brain increases strain on the optic nerve, resulting in glaucoma, vision loss, and blindness. Altered brain pressure reduces ability to drain eye fluids.

Over 17 years, adults with any form of cardiovascular disease were more likely to develop kidney failure. Heart failure was the highest, at 11.4-times increased risk of developing kidney failure.

The class of antibiotics called aminoglycosides was able to fix a mutation commonly associated with frontotemporal dementia, the most common type of early onset dementia.