The MitoPunch transfers mitochondria and its DNA into over 100,000 mammalian cells simultaneously, allowing researchers to tailor specific genetic components and develop better disease treatments.

The conversion of beta-carotene (found in orange plants) into vitamin A protects against high cholesterol and requires the enzyme BCO1; up to 50% of the population have less active versions of BCO1.

Developing brains grow new neural connections called synapses; astrocyte cells help with brain plasticity by "eating" unnecessary synapses in a clean-up process called phagocytosis.

Genetic delivery into the inner ear cells of mice shows promise as a new treatment for deafness. The genetic material replaces the genetic defect, allowing the inner ear cells to function normally.